Jordan is a country with ancient history. Some of the highlights are:
- 10000 years ago: Neolithic settlements in Ain-Ghazal and early
Epi-Paleolithic period settlements in Al-Beida (Little Petra).
- 4000-3100 BC (The Copper Age): settlements exist near Irbid.
- 3000-1550 BC: The Canaanites settled in the Jordan Valley.
- 1550-1200 BC (The Bronze Age): Settlements exist in Wadi Araba, Sahab and the
Amman Citadel.
- 1200-330 BC (The Iron Age): The Moabites, the Adomites and the Ammonites
settled in the area.
- 549-332 BC (The Persian Period): Alexander the Great conquered the area
during this period.
- 530's BC: The Nabataeans established their Kingdom in the South in the Petra
region.
- 322-63 BC (The Greek Period): Major Greek buildings are found at Jerash,
Umm Qais, Amman, Beit Ras, Tabqat Fahl and Iraq el-Amir. During the reign of
Ptolemy Philadelphus (283-246 BC) Amman was rebuilt and named Philadelphia after
him.
- 62 BC - 324 AD (The Roman Period): Classical Roman culture flourished in the
North at Jerash (Gerasa), Umm Qais (Gadara), Amman (Philadelphia), Beit Ras
(Capitolias) and Tabqat Fahl (Pella) which were called the Decapolis cities.
Amman became part of the Roman Empire when King Herod conquered it in 30 BC.
- 106 AD: During Emperor Trajan's reign, the Romans attacked the Nabataeans and
took control of Petra and much of the country.
- 324-640 AD (The Byzantine Period).
- 363 AD & 747 AD: Major earthquakes in these two years caused severe damage
in the area particularly to Jerash and Petra.
- 630-1291 AD (The Islamic Middle Ages): In 630 AD Ayla (modern Aqaba) and in
636 AD Jerash fell to the control of Islamic forces.
- 1099-1291 AD (The Crusaders Period).
- 1517-1918 AD (The Ottoman Empire Period).
- 1921 AD: The Emirate of Transjordan was established.
- 1950 AD: New name - Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
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